How to Help You Write an Original Research Paper

How to Help You Write an Original Research PaperI am sure most of you know that writing your own research paper can be a challenge. This can be the case for anyone who wants to write his own research paper and he would have to be very careful about his input. However, it is still not impossible. Here are some tips for helping you write an original research paper.First of all, you should plan out your research paper carefully. You must take into consideration the purpose of your paper. For example, if you are preparing a paper to be submitted to a graduate school, you should take into consideration your GPA, other grades, the level of study you have completed, etc. It would also be helpful if you take into consideration your future plans like a career in a different field or an even higher education. This will help you prepare your paper in such a way that it will be easier for you to improve upon it later.Once you have decided on the purpose of your research paper, your next step wou ld be to list all the parts of your paper. For example, if you want to present an original research paper, you should first analyze your purpose. The next step would be to figure out the format of your paper. This includes writing a conclusion and a sub-headline. After this, you can write an introduction, your body content, the introduction of your sources, and a conclusion. If you don't plan your paper properly, you may forget to include all the important parts and this could make your paper a lot harder than it should be.After you have completed all the main goals of your paper, you can start writing. Always keep your writing flow smooth and flow smoothly. It would also be helpful if you add just a few words here and there. This will ensure that your paper will flow smoothly. If you take too much time in writing, you will end up rushing through your paper and it will no longer be an original research paper.Your next step would be to proofread your work. This would mean that you mu st go through your work again and it is very crucial that you read through your paper many times. This way, you can see that the words you wrote seem right to you.After you have written the research paper, you must edit it several times before you submit it to your professor. If you have any suggestions on how to improve the research paper, you can share it with your professor.Please note that you cannot help your professor to make any changes in your paper, so you have to write the research paper as you would do it yourself. This will help you know what to do before you have to submit your paper. Remember that there are only a few tips to help you write a research paper and once you know how to do it, you can write your own research paper very easily.

The Reduction Of The Anxiety - 985 Words

The present document displays the several factors towards the reduction of the anxiety episodes diagnosed in the Emergency Department (ED). Hence, the design of the PICOT question resulted after the observation of the frequent visits of individuals (with different comorbidities) complaining of anxiety symptoms and not being addressed during the medical assessments and directed by nursing interventions towards an action focused in the assessment, measurement and provide the best direction of care of the real anxiety diagnosed cases, and educate, control and prevent the amount of visits with the mentioned cause of attention in the Emergency Department. In a first attempt, the anxiety and mood disorders were researched in databases to†¦show more content†¦Moreover, the findings help to understand the positive benefits of exercise on voluntary participants, and the exertion of biochemical signal control to reduce anxiety-like reactions. In a third study selected to include its findings to enrich the knowledge of the research topic, includes a systematic review of 12 randomized clinical trials ( exercise and non-exercise control groups), where adults diagnosed with high levels of anxiety and other psychiatric syndromes demonstrated less stress and anxiety symptoms during their inclusion in a physical activity program, reporting improved overall health in all the participants and reduction of the anxiety episodes in psychiatric patients (Stonerock,2015). The nursing practice is directed to provide qualified and safe care, and remarkable is the fact that the skills and abilities of the nurses have their foundational basis in strong scientific knowledge as a standard for the purposes of care of the patients. Nurses are committed to the best care and responding to the challenges of the actual healthcare system, â€Å"Nurses are increasingly engaged in evidence-based practice (EBP) processes to answer significant questi ons and guide nursing practice† (Lee, 2013). The PICOT question is designed to analyze the population attended in the ED (18 to 55 years old), with a diagnosis of anxiety and evaluate if the care required is repeated by the same condition, what are the measures applied to educate and control the anxiety episodes.Show MoreRelatedMindfulness Meditation and The Reduction of Anxiety1100 Words   |  5 PagesMindfulness Meditation and The Reduction of Anxiety Mindfulness meditation is a form of meditation that has been prevalent for thousands of years, and is only becoming increasingly more popular. â€Å"Over the past decade, neuroscientists like myself have become increasingly interested in studying how meditation affects the brain and body. The number of studies conducted per year in this new field of contemplative science is rising exponentially, with more than 200 studies published last year alone,†Read MoreThe Effects of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Training on Adolescent Self-Awareness and the Reduction of Anxiety, Depression and Stress.2411 Words   |  10 PagesHMPYC80 ASSIGNMENT 02-03 RESEARCH PROPOSAL TITLE: THE EFFECTS OF MINDFULNESS BASED STRESS REDUCTION TRAINING ON ADOLESCENT SELF-AWARENESS AND THE REDUCTION OF ANXIETY, DEPRESSION AND STRESS. AUTHOR: 5888743 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY HMPYC80 ASSIGNMENT 02-03 RESEARCH PROPOSAL TITLE: THE EFFECTS OF MINDFULNESS BASED STRESS REDUCTION TRAINING ON ADOLESCENT SELF-AWARENESS AND THE REDUCTION OF ANXIETY, DEPRESSION AND STRESS. AUTHOR: 5888743 Mr P Smith The ANIKA Foundation 1234 West HighlandRead MoreSport Psychology1034 Words   |  5 Pagesdefeat the psychological struggles flooding one s mind. Anxiety is the main proponent to affecting any human being from giving their utmost potential in a sport. Anxiety is derived from due to self-insecurities. There are various approaches which you can make when confronting one s psychological struggles hindering one s performance, through the use of: somatic anxiety reduction,cognitive anxiety reduction, and multimodal anxiety reduction packages. An insincere and evil friend is more to beRead MoreA Survey On Anxiety Disorders1415 Words   |  6 Pagesthe UK population suffer from an anxiety problem, with almost one in five people reporting either feeling anxious all of the time or a lot of the time. Due to these figures more and more researchers are attempting to find ways to treat and prevent anxiety. Anxiety can be described as having a feeling of unease ranging from mild to extreme (NHS, 2014), it is a normal response to a threat or stress and is usually controllable, however some individuals develop anxiety disorders, which seriously impactRead MoreMassage Therapy As An Effective Alternative Treatment For Pain1581 Words   |  7 Pagesrelief, reduction of anxiety and symptom management for hospice patients. INTRODUCTION As an alternative and complimentary therapy, massage is a low-cost, low-risk tool for providing comfort during end-of-life care. The purpose of hospice is to improve quality of life, regardless of how long the patient has to live. It’s primary focus is to provide compassionate care for the dying. More and more research shows that massage can be used as an effective therapeutic tool for pain relief, anxiety reductionRead MoreEffects of Exercise on Anxiety and Depression Essays956 Words   |  4 PagesCritically Analyse the Research Findings on the Acute and Chronic Effects of Exercise on Anxiety and Depression It has long been speculated that there is a relationship between exercise and it effects on anxiety and depression. However, it is not until recently that research has shown that exercise is associated with positive changes in mood and reductions in anxiety and depression. According to the Mental Health Victoria, depression is characterised by prolonged feelings of sadness, dejectionRead MoreMusic And Effect Of Music1322 Words   |  6 Pagesinvestigating state anxiety of college students who listened to music prior to an exam, and his findings suggests a significant reduction in state anxiety levels of these students (as cited in Davis and Thaut,1989). This study however focuses on the use of preferred music rather than pre-chosen music, which indicates that the music could have been from any genre. This is contrary to other studies which found that sedative background music specifically is what tended to reduce state anxiety (Davis and ThautRead MoreIt is widely known that in EFL learning situations, many students â€Å"exhibit fear of foreign language1300 Words   |  6 Pages23). In Asian countries, EFL learners suffer even more in language classroom anxiety because of insufficient language environment. According to Scovel (1978), anxiety in language learning is â€Å"a state of apprehension, a vague fear† (p. 134). Such anxiety may exist in many aspects of language learning process. Language classroom anxiety is one of the most common concerns. Many researches showed that students’ classroom anxiety will greatly affect their language learning effect (Young, 1986; Horwitz Read MoreA Study On Neurodevelopmental Psychiatric Disorders1237 Words   |  5 PagesNeurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia and anxiety disorders, which typically emerge in children and adolescents, have been extensively investigated worldwide for decades. The pathogenesis and mechanism remained unclear, and no effective treatment has been identified so far. Recently, a variety of studies identified prenatal stress (PS) as a risk factor for neurodevelopmental socioemotional disorders (Khashan et al., 2008, Kinney et al., 2008, RonaldRead MoreHow Kava Is An Herb Of The Western Pacific Islands1337 Words   |  6 PagesKava is an herb found in the western pacific islands. Kava is a sacred plant that had been used in multiple varieties of ways, particularly ceremonially and medicinally, in the western pacific for centuries. Kava is used to â€Å"relieve anxiety, restlessness, sleeplessness, and stress-related symptoms such as muscle tension or spasm. Kava may also relieve pain†. Kava comes in many forms, the traditional one being tea, but also â€Å"as a dietary supplement in powder and tincture (extract in alcohol) forms†

Learning Academy OF Management Education -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Learning Academy OF Management Education? Answer: Introducation Globalization and education has made the world an extremely small place whereby the different cultures tend to mingle with one another. Students attending universities and expats going to other countries to settle have increased the importance of understanding the other cultures. Hence, the cultural capability of a person is extremely important o make him survive. The given report throws light on the application of cultural capabilities in various situations. Cultural capabilities refer to the capability of a person whereby he is able to adjust to the changing cultural aspects of different situations (Van Dyne, Ang Tan, 2017). A safe space can be described as an environment whereby the people are emotionally safe and away from any harm. The report aims to understand the concept of cultural capability with the help of an example. It will analyze a conversation in a video and discuss the possibilities and methods of cultural awareness. It will analyze the scenario shown in the given scene and thereby make statements and relate the theories discussed in the course. The report will focus on the selected video from the TV Series Friends, discussing the scene from Season 4 where Rachel goes in for a higher post interview (Ang Van Dyne, 2015). The given example depicts an unsafe space as the interviewer was exposed to mental harm. Summary of the Video Clip The summary clip which was chosen for this assignment was that of the classic TV show Friends. The show portrayed the life of 6 friends living in the city of New York and going through various problems relating to different aspects of life (Erez et al., 2013). The chosen clip is based on the Season 4, Episode 9 titled the one where they go to a party. Rachel, one of the characters in the clip, gets a chance to gain a promotion at her workplace and hence the scene is one of an interview round. Her Boss, Joanna does not want to lose a talented assistant like her and therefore she makes the interview an unsafe space for Rachel and sabotages her image in front of the Interview panel. The season released in 1997. The second half of the video reflects that Rachel is visibly upset and her Boss later tries to make it u to her by creating a space for her in the organization. Five primary characters have been shown in the season, Rachel, Joanna the boss, the interview panel which comprised of two people and assistant of Joanna, Sophie (Youtube.com.2018). Observations It can be seen from the given seen that Rachel is here for an interview for a higher posting and the environment is that of a conference room. Hence, she is bound to be nervous. She had expected that her boss Joanna, would be supportive of her but unfortunately, Joanna had her own reasons and tarnished Rachel`s image in front of the panel (Chen Lin, 2013). This added to the stress on Rachel and the environment of the conference room became more unsafe for the candidate. Except Rachel, all other characters were in a high post and will more incline to the comments of Joanna. When Rachel observed the change in the attitude of Joanna she became increasingly nervous and could not respond well to the questions of the panel. It seemed as if she was completely excluded from the conversation. In the latter half of the video, she expressed this to her boss who later tried to make it up for her. Rachel failed to show cultural intelligence in this case as she was unable to give a quick response to her bosss sabotages. Analysis The scene can be divided into two parts. In the first part Rachel is in a stressful situation in front of the Panel where her boss changes sides to keep her. In this scenario, Rachel is in an extremely disappointing place and it does not get her a job (Mor, Morris Joh, 2013). The second scene sees Rachel in a dominating position whereby her boss is anxious to keep her and reflects cultural intelligence by making Rachel calm and providing her with whatever she wanted in order to retain her in the organization (Appadurai, 2013). Communication In the beginning of the scene, Rachel is seated in front of the panel and her interview begins. Her interview begins on a good note but is soon going downhill because her boss began to tarnish her image in front of the other panelists and started sabotaging her image. She begins speaking how inefficient Rachel was. This put Rachel in a compromising situation whereby she was unable to communicate well with the panelists. She was unable to discuss her side well. Just like Russell (2011), stated in his paper that the environment became very unsafe for her well being and she was in a shock. She could not adjust to the environment as she was being emotionally tortured. Cultural Shock Rachel was in a state of cultural shock as she had been expecting different behaviour from her boss than the one she was receiving. Being a good assistant, she was expecting that her boss would praise her and support her in the panel interview, but she spoke against her and portrayed her as an incapable assistant. This change in the culture and behaviour of the boss was the reason Rachel was taken back. According to Quappe and Cantatore (2005), cultural shock occurs when a person is overwhelmed in a situation which is quite different from the one the person is used to and he or she tends not to take any concrete action just like in the given scene. Change in Dynamics When Rachel later confronted her boss, she stated that this was her intentional movie to retain her. This made her extremely angry and she threatened to reign. This caused a shift in the culture of the situation whereby Joanna understood that Rachel was in a weak state of mind and would have taken a concrete decision and left the organization. She maintained a clear eye contact with Rachel and spoke to her in a calm voice which then portrayed high level of cultural intelligence on the side of the boss. She understood that such a situation was never faced by Rachel earlier n that she was to be made to understand that she was not at loss. This proves to be an excellent example of what Brislin, Worthley Macnab (2006), said that a culturally intelligent person adjusts to the surroundings fast and takes the situation to their advantage. Body Language In the beginning of the clip, the body language of Joanna was very defensive and confident. She was in a dominating position and this reflected in her behaviour of tarnishing the image of Rachel. In the same situation the body language of Rachel was extremely nervous and shocked. In the next act where the panelists rejected Rachel, and she figured out that Joanna tried to sabotage her image, Rachels body language reflects that of a confident being who would stand for the right. On the other hand, Joanna becomes the weaker unit then and would go to any extent to persuade Rachel to stay with her Bruhn (2005), mentioned in his paper that body language plays a key role in determining the well being of a person and their emotional state. Cultural awareness Being in the industry for a long time, Joanna, Rachel`s boss understood what it was to have a professional assistant. She was aware and understood what the panel was looking out for and hence, to keep Rachel to herself, she said all the things opposite to what the panelists were looking out for. She proclaimed that Rachel was an Alcoholic and irresponsible girl who had just basic duties. According to Holley and Steiner (2005), this is a case of acute cultural awareness as Joanna knew what points would have made the panelists doubtful about Rachel and she did exactly those things. She applied her knowledge of awareness of different cultures and scenarios to twist the scenario into her favor. Recommendations From the analysis performed it could be stated that the scene was one of unsafe place. Rachel was subject to emotional and mental distress. As this is the case of an interview, she was not expected to be comfortable but in the same way she did not need to undergo the torture she did due to Joanna. Joannas behaviour portrayed disrespect towards Rachel and her capabilities which angered Rachel. Hence, the situation might have changed if Rachel may have applied cultural capabilities in the sense, if she would have been able to sense what Joanna was trying to do in the very first instance, Rachel would have reflected cultural intelligence and overcome the nasty scenario. She could have taken the necessary actions Therefore understanding of the mindset of the other person is an important aspect of cultural capability as it helps to bring the situation in one`s favor. Conclusion Therefore it can be stated that safe spacing play a major role in determining the mental balance of a person. Safe space helps a person to feel valued and the environment in the organization is a positive one. In the given clip there existed an absence of the safe place as Rachel was made to feel like a smaller person and this brought down her morale. The latter half of the scene reflects Joanna`s behaviour reflects cultural intelligence whereby she calms Rachel down and makes her stay in the organization. References Ang, S., Van Dyne, L. (2015).Handbook of cultural intelligence. Routledge. Appadurai, A. (2013). The future as cultural fact.Essays on the Global Condition. London and New York: Verso. Brislin, R., Worthley, R., Macnab, B. (2006). Cultural intelligence: Understanding behaviors that serve peoples goals.Group Organization Management,31(1), 40-55. Bruhn, J. G. (2005). Culture-brain interactions.Integrative Physiological Behavioral Science,40(4), 243-254. Chen, M. L., Lin, C. P. (2013). Assessing the Effects of Cultural Intelligence on Team Knowledge Sharing From a Socio?Cognitive Perspective.Human Resource Management,52(5), 675-695. Erez, M., Lisak, A., Harush, R., Glikson, E., Nouri, R., Shokef, E. (2013). Going global: Developing management students' cultural intelligence and global identity in culturally diverse virtual teams.Academy of Management Learning Education,12(3), 330-355. Holley, L. C., Steiner, S. (2005). Safe space: Student perspectives on classroom environment.Journal of Social Work Education,41(1), 49-64. Mor, S., Morris, M. W., Joh, J. (2013). Identifying and training adaptive cross-cultural management skills: The crucial role of cultural metacognition.Academy of Management Learning Education,12(3), 453-475. Quappe, S., Cantatore, G. (2005). What is cultural awareness, anyway? How do I build it.Retrieved July,17, 2008. Russell, K. M. (2011). Growing up a third culture kid: A sociological self-exploration.Human Architecture,9(1), 29. Van Dyne, L., Ang, S., Tan, M. L. (2017).Cultural intelligence. Oxford University Press. Youtube.com. (2018).The One Where Rachel's Boss Doesn't Want to Lose Her - Friends Season 4.YouTube. Retrieved 19 February 2018, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LuyGLDvve-A

Getting through the final year in college

Getting through the final year in college How in the world three years have passed so fast? It seems that just yesterday I was running around campus with the mask of bewilderment and confusion on my face looking for a right classroom. It is unbelievable how quickly the time flows by but what is more unbelievable is this stack of assignments on my desk that needs to be done. Graduating tests, the research work, uncertainty in the future and blurry understanding of where the life is going add some fuel to the fire as well. It doesn’t matter whether you’ve spend three years in a library studying or by a bar counter – we all have tons of work to be done. The main trick is not to panic and set the mind to the right point. However, that’s not so easy to do as to say. Check out some of the most effective tips to set your mind on work and cope with the final push. Bury your face in the book Facebook or face in the book – that is the question. Hamlet couldn’t even imagine that this question may occur in the twenty first century. Still, if you do not cut on using Facebook and browsing memes every 10 minutes there’s a great chance that you can turn into poor Yorick buried under the tones of uncompleted work. I don’t mean shutting down on Facebook completely. Try to find some balance between the work and free time. If it’s hard to accomplish – set the priority: useless memes and the sleepless night or a good mark and a healthy sleep? You are the one to decide but I think the choice is obvious. If you feel that you are dependent on social websites, at least find some motivating Facebook accounts, such as: graduating blogs, internship offers of foreign exchanges groups – something that will remind you that there are other great students around you and you have to compete for the job offers. So close the Internet and go to the l ibrary (well, right after you finish this article). The Grasshopper and the Ant You will never be younger than you are now – it’s true. College years are the best ones: full of events, parties, fun and awkward situations. Yet there comes time when you should move the fun stuff to the background. Try your best to plan your week and give yourself some time to have a glass in the bar once in a while. Just remember that this time the rate is high. So when the next time you go to the bar at the middle of the week, ask yourself, does this onion is worth peeling? Your productivity won’t be high enough in the morning, when you are suffering through the hangover. Relaxation is a part of boosting the productivity but try to find the appropriate time for that. Do not forget what happened to Grasshopper in the fable. Do not Procrastinate Procrastination is carved on most of the students foreheads. It’s a kind of a distinguishing student feature. The experience of managing the work comes with time. Now, here’s the breaking news: the time has come. By the end of the college managing work and planning the time has to be one of the most useful knowledge you could’ve obtained in the Alma Mater. Frankly, I also practice once in a while sleepless nights, working on a project surrounded by cups of coffee. Though, if you want to turn in a great assignment on time, think of planning the work ahead. A crumpled paper full of mistakes and overworked ideas won’t lead you to a successful final year in college.

The Falklands War Essays

The Falklands War Essays The Falklands War Essay The Falklands War Essay I am going to choose to do the Falklands War, which started in April1982. The Falkland Islands are situated just off the east coast of Argentina in South America. The cause of the war was when the Argentine Junta invaded the island encountering little or no resistance from people living on the islands. They did this while the British and Argentineans where still in peace negotiations about who owned the islands. After this Britain sent over a task force consisting on planes, ships and men to take back the islands and did successfully and were victorious by 15th June the same year when the Argentine forces surrendered to the British command. The Jus In Bello issues One of the conditions of a just war is proportionality, which in this conflict has not been kept to because during the bombing of Port Stanley the British Harrier Jets used cluster bombs. These bombs annihilate anything over a greater distance than a normal bomb because lots of little bombs break off and all go in different directions increasing the surface area of which the bomb affects. Some people would say is disproportionate because it may spread and get a civilian building as well as a military target. Also these bombs were far more powerful than any thing the opposing Argentines had to offer and because a less powerful bomb would have been more proportionate and would have still done the job. Also the British used phosphorous munitions, which are poisonous. This is disproportionate because it may cause a painful death, which is not usually caused by a normal bullet. The Argentines had lots of Napalm bombs; these are bombs that create fires causes a large area to be totally burned and destroyed which is disproportionate because it inflames a massive area when it may be disproportionate compared to the size of the military target which could be a lot smaller. Also in war the countries have to keep to targeting military targets and not civilian buildings and that only military people be involved and not civilians in the fighting. In the Falklands War this was kept very well with only three civilian deaths during the whole conflict. This is good because it means that the accuracy of any bombs dropped on the Falkland Islands was on target or very close to the target because there would have been a considerable amount of more deaths if the accuracy were bad. Another reason that this war was fought under the right conditions was because the prisoners taken on each side were kept and treated very well. One incident however that happened at Goose Green went against the conditions of war. Some Argentine forces were fighting and raised a white flag to surrender. Subaltern Jim Barry moved towards the Argentine troops in order to take them as prisoners. As he moved though he was shot and was instantly killed by an Argentine soldier. Although this thought to have been a mistake rather than a meaningful act it angered the British troops who immediately launched 66mm rockets and aimed concentrated machine gun fire at the building. The building was set ablaze and no survivors emerged. This action is very disproportionate as it is killing many Argentiness to retaliate for the death of one British soldier. The Falklands war did nonetheless prove that in this modern era there could be such a thing as a just war because the modern weaponry can be proportionate. Jus ad Bellum issues There was a just cause for war because when Argentina took over the islands it was because Britain gave up any land in South America or the islands near it to some Spanish Colonists and the Argentines claimed they were the successors to the Spanish colonists. However Britains claims was that they had never fully given up interest in the Falklands Islands and after Spain quit the islands in 1811, and Argentina took control until 1933 when they were evicted from the islands by an American warship after a dispute between them. After this Britain became the owners of the Islands again until Argentina invaded. It was a just cause to go to war because Britains islands were attacked without reason and they are doing so in self-defence of their islands. It could said however, that Britain did not feel under any immediate pressure by the invasion of the islands because they are so far away from Britain. Another condition is that there must be a reasonable chance of success which, from Argentinas sided was kept because they were right next to the Falklands Islands and as Britain is such a long way away they did not think that Britain would bother to reclaim the islands. Whereas on the British side that sent a task force against an unknown opposition because they did not know how many troops, planes or ships the Argentines had and so they did not know there probability of success. Also was war the last resort? -In this case it wasnt as Argentina invaded while the talks were still ongoing between the two governments. However Argentina had between debating for 150 years for the return for the islands and had been in negotiations with Britain for the last few years. Another condition in war is proportionality. Was it kept in a war in which 1000 men were sent to enable 1800 half citizens to give them a choice of government? Many people do not think so. However is it not right to protect your citizens if they belong to you despite them being thousands of miles away from the British homeland? Argentina did have a right to own the Falklands Islands but not the right to go to war with Britain because the British had not committed a fault to Argentina to have a just cause for going to war. Britain did have a right to go to war in self-defence but did the war bring less suffering to the islands than the war itself would cause. From a pacifists of principle point of view it would not be a just reason to go to war as the British government did not try and make war a last resort even thought they were attacked. From a selective objectors point of view they would agree with the war, as it is an act of self-defence but could not justify the moral issues of the war.

CSR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

CSR - Essay Example 16-22). It is highly important for an organization maintain strong relationship with, customers, business clients, employees and several external stakeholders. Effective business operation sustainability and CSR activities can help an organization to maintain strong relationship with the stakeholders and several shareholders. The essay will support that the CSR reports of the organizations generally provide useful information on the environmental performance and corporate social performance by considering the example of Tesco Plc and several other firms by considering several accounting theories. Discussion Instrumental theories In this theory CSR is seen as a strategic tool so that it can achieve the economic activities of a company and can ultimately lead to wealth creation. According to the Friedman view, it is seen that the only responsibility of the business it has towards the society is maximisation of the profits of the shareholders while working within the legal and ethical f ramework of the company. This theory has long enjoyed the acceptance of the business across the world. Such concern for profits include taking into consideration the interest of all the stakeholders of an organisation. It is argued that in some conditions such satisfaction can increase the overall profit and hence result in maximising the shareholder value. It has been seen that there is a positive correlation between the social responsibility and the financial performance of the companies (Brennan and Merkl-Davies, 2013, pp. 109-132). Here there are three main groups of instrumental theories on the basis of the economic objective of the company. The first is the maximization of the shareholder value. The second is focusing on the strategic goal of achieving the competitive advantage. The third is the related to the cause-related marketing efforts of the company. British Petroleum understands this aspect much better. The policy statement of BP commits the company to its wide ranging business policies. The CSR report of the company illustrates way the company is meeting those commitments in a way which supports the profitability of the company. Hence by focussing on the Strong financial performance the company can invest the profits into their CSR activities (Deegan and Rankin, 1996, pp. 50-69). Political theories Political theory is an effective CSR accounting theory that used to focus on the interaction between the society and companies and their responsibilities towards the society. There are three divisions of this theory that are discussed below. Corporate Constitutionalism According to this concept the social responsibility of an organization generally arises depending upon the available social power of Organization. Coca Cola Company is one of the leading organizations. The organization implements several green strategies depending upon its social power. Effective water recycling strategy helps the organization to maintain is leading organization within global soft drink industry. Social Contract Theory Jean- Jacques Rousseau was the political economist who posited the social contract theory. According to him the individuals form a social contract with the state so that responsibility of citizens of the state is entrusted with the government. Thus the people are the source of the collective political sovereignty of the state. Thus the government was performing the functions of the common people after undergoing a

G-III Apparel Group Inc IPO Valuation Case Study

G-III Apparel Group Inc IPO Valuation - Case Study Example The growth looks impressive, but the firm should not expect that type of continuous growth since in the apparel industry prolonged above average growth is rare. The company operates in a fragmented industry, but its 10% market share is relative large which gives the firm a competitive advantage. The company is perfectly positioned to achieve further growth by utilizing an acquisitions strategy. A positive aspect of the IPO plans of the firm is that company plans on reducing its long term and short term obligations from $22.3 million to $6.4 million. This strategic move is very wise because the firm is reducing its fixed costs by lowering its total debt. The organization has a workforce composed of 235 employees. G-III generated in 1989 total sales of $98.78 million. A strategy that has helped the company generate revenues at different price points is the use of multiple brands. Three of the brands the firm owns are G-III, Siena, and Cayenne. 6. Who is Oppenheimer? What was the role o f Oppenheimer in the process? Was Oppenheimer’s role commensurate with its fees? Oppenheimer is the firm that handled the IPO. The person from Oppenheimer that was in charge of the IPO was Richard White. The IPO process began in September 1989 and it was completed three months later on December of 1989. The stock of G-III following the IPO was going to be traded in NASDAQ. The underwriter price obtained by Oppenheimer was $0.91per share. I believe the fees that Oppenheimer negotiated were reasonable. The $0.91 per share price was equivalent to a 7% commission. 7. Was $13 an appropriate price for G-III? What was the intrinsic value of a share of G-III? The intrinsic value of a stock can be defined as the actual value of the firm which may be different that the market value of the shares of a company. There are several metrics that can help an investor determine the intrinsic value of a company. The book value of G-III can be calculated by subtracting total debt from total asse ts (Little). Prior to the IPO the book value of the company was $18,923,000. The book value per share of the company was $4.07 (18923000 / 4644144). The market to book ratio assuming the $13 price is the market price was $3.19. The earnings per share of the firm in 1989 was $1.28. The price earnings ratio is calculated dividing the market price of the company by its EPS (Garrison & Noreen). Based on the $13 IPO price the price-earnings ratio of the company is $10.15. Due to the intrinsic value of the company I believe that the firm got a good deal by selling the stocks at $13, since this price is three times higher than the book value of the firm. 8. How would picking the wrong comparables influence estimates? Choosing the wrong comparable can distort the information which can lead to making bad decisions in regards to the valuation of G-III. One of the problems the company faced when it was choosing comparables was that most companies in this niche industry were not public which ma de it hard to find information regarding the industry financial performance norm. The problem with choosing wrong comparables is that it can undervalue or overvalue a firm. If the analysis undervalues the firm the company would be selling the stock at too cheap of a price. An overvaluation could hurt the company because investors might not be willing to buy at the high price which could lead to disastrous results in the IPO. 12. Did G-III display